Design of an aluminum can crusher / Mohd Zamzuri Zakaria

This thesis is about to design aluminium can crusher for home purpose usage. By referring to the in-vention of aluminium can crusher, there is a fact that cannot be denied that recyclable products such as aluminium cans have become popular in the beverage industry. But, there is a problem when alu-minium cans become too much and when returning to the recycling station, consumers usually send in a bulk and inconvenience condition. Nowadays, the home-based consumer typically enjoys the cans or beverages from a recyclable can but they are not aware about the recycling processes and disposing the empty cans. For some of the consumer, the task of crushing cans for disposal in the recycling bin can be time consuming for them. In order to cope with this problem, the design of this simple and portable can crusher is used to solve this problem. In designing stage, the author used the high technology design software CATIA to design it virtually before fabricate the desired design. Besides that, this device also friendly user because the user did not have to worry about the spaced required and it is easily to carry anywhere. It is only need a space about 300 mm x 200 mm area. The material used to fabricate its prototype is made from aluminium. So the weight of this device is not too heavy to remove and can avoid corrosion. Furthermore, all the parts involved are assembling by using screws to make it easy to resemble and dissemble. Besides that, this device is fully mechanical operated and can be operated in any condition. By the design of this device, it is hoping that the consumer can save their time, money and also can increase their awareness about the environment

Cervical spondylotic radiculopathy: Early result from a conservative therapy

Introduction: Patients who had cervical spondylotic radiculopathy without major motor deficit and no evidence of cord compression will have good outcome with non-operative measures. The aim of this study was to determine the severity of degenerative changes on plain radiograph among the patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy, their rated outcomes following conservative treatment and to evaluate correlations between pain score with: 1) neck disability index, 2) severity of degenerative changes of the cervical spine and 3) different level of root compression. Methods: This is an observational cohort study recruiting all patients with a clinical diagnosis of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy treated conservatively between December 2016 and January 2018. One-way ANOVA, paired sample test, and Pearson’s correlation test were used for correlation analyses. The total of 29 patients was used to achieve the power of 80% at 0.05 significance level, in detecting a difference of five score from a mean of 28.6 with an estimated standard deviation of 9.2, using a two-sided one-sample t-test. Results: Neck disability index (NDI) and pain score showed significant correlation after conservative treatment (p<0.001). However, this was not observed between pain score and radiographic severity grade, or between pain score and different level of nerve root compression. Conclusion: Patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy treated conservatively showed favorable clinical outcomes. Keywords: Cervical spine; Conservative treatment; Degenerative spine; Radiculopath

Clinical factors affecting minor amputation in diabetic foot diseases at Tengku Ampuan Afzan Hospital, Kuantan

Diabetic foot disease poses a substantial problem in Malaysian diabetic population. We evaluate the clinical factors affecting minor amputation in diabetic foot disease. A cross-sectional study enrolling patients admitted to orthopaedic wards of a single tertiary hospital for diabetic foot disease was conducted. Patients who had undergone major amputation or with medical condition above the ankle joint were not included. Clinical data were collected by measurement of ankle brachial systolic index and Semmes-Weinstein 5.07 gauge monofilament test with foot clinical evaluation using King’s classification respectively. The total number of patients included was 138, with mean age of 59.7 years (range 29 to 94 years old). Fifty patients (36.2%) had minor amputations. Poor compliance to diabetic treatment, King’s classification stage 5, low measures of ankle brachial systolic index, sensory neuropathy, high serum C-Reactive protein and high serum creatinine are significant predictive factors for minor amputation (P < 0.05). Identifying these risk factors may help in prevention of minor amputation and subsequently reduce limb loss in diabetic foot

Unexpected case of ankle tuberculosis in a young professionals leading to delay in diagnosis

We report a case of a 38 year-old engineer presented with left ankle pain for 2 years and initially treated as gouty arthritis because of high serum uric acid. A year later his left ankle become swollen and plain radiograph showed soft tissue swelling around the ankle with normal articular surface and bone. An MRI investigation reported as gouty arthritis of ankle with tophi. While on treatment for gouty arthritis, he developed pus discharge from the swelling. The ankle pain also worsen and he was unable to weight bear on the affected leg. An incision and drainage shown pus from the ankle joint which grew pseudomonas aeruginosa. He was treated with intravenous followed by oral ciprofloxacin 250 mg bd. However his condition does not improved and a month after antibiotic treatment a repeated radiograph shows narrowing of joint space with irregular cortical destruction, osteopenic bone . suggestive of worsening of his septic arthritis. During this period he deny of having any fever, cough or night sweats. However he did notice some loss of weight and loss of appetite. He has worked in Africa and Russia before in petroleum industry. After 4 months of antibiotic and no sign of improvement, a biopsy and repeat culture was taken from the ankle which reveal tuberculous arthritis and positive for AFB culture. A plain chest radiograph revealed miliary tuberculosis picture. He was started on a anti TB treatment and the wound healed after a few weeks. After 4 months of treatment he was able to walk without support with reduce ankle range of motion. This case illustrate that the diagnosis was delay because tuberculosis was not suspected in a young professionals with ankle pain and elevated serum uric acid level. Further delay in diagnosis because MRI report also suggestive of gouty tophi and the pus culture and sensitivity grew pseudomonas aeruginosa

KECEKAPAN PENGURUSAN KOPERASI DI MALAYSIA [THE EFFICIENCY OF CO-OPERATIVE MANAGEMENT IN MALAYSIA]

The cooperative benefits its members through dividends, rebates or subscriptions discount and bonus shares. These benefits can only be applied if the cooperative can be managed efficiently and effectively. Efficiency studies are mostly conducted in developed countries and only a few has been carried out in developing countries such as Malaysia. This paper reviews past studies on the efficiency of cooperative management in Malaysia. Literature analysis was carried out to assess the appraisal methods on the efficiency of cooperative management and similar business organizations. It is found that the studies on cooperatives mostly focus on the cooperative performance. These assessment and efforts to enhance the efficiency of cooperative management are largely done by the Malaysian Cooperative Commission (SKM) and some of the academic researchers. The evaluation of the management efficiency is based on several aspects such as finance (economy), social and socio-economic. As a private business organization, cooperative management efficiency can also be estimated on the basis of financial and non-financial aspects such as social values, management functions and the relationships between cooperative members. This paper argues that social values and economic aspect need to be considered for a more comprehensive assessment of the cooperative.Keywords: Management efficiency, co-operative, efficiency model, organization management, socio-economic.Cite as: Abd Rahman, N. &amp; Zakaria, Z. (2018). Kecekapan pengurusan koperasi di Malaysia [The efficiency of co-operative management in Malaysia]. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 3(2), 134-146. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol3iss2pp134-146 ABSTRAKKoperasi memberi manfaat kepada anggotanya melalui dividen, rebat atau potongan langganan dan saham bonus. Hasil ini hanya boleh ditingkatkan jika koperasi dapat diurus dengan cekap dan berkesan. Kajian berkaitan kecekapan banyak dilakukan di negara-negara maju dan sebilangan kecil sahaja di negara membangun seperti Malaysia. Objektif kajian ini ialah menyoroti kajian lepas berkaitan kecekapan pengurusan koperasi di Malaysia. Analisis literatur dibuat untuk meneliti kaedah penilaian kecekapan pengurusan dalam koperasi. Dapatan tinjauan menunjukkan kajian terhadap koperasi banyak tertumpu kepada prestasi koperasi. Adapun penilaian dan usaha meningkatkan kecekapan pengurusan koperasi sebahagian besar dilakukan oleh Suruhanjaya Koperasi Malaysia (SKM) dan beberapa pengkaji bertaraf akademik tertinggi. Penilaian kecekapan pengurusan dilakukan adalah berdasarkan beberapa aspek seperti kewangan(ekonomi), sosial dan sosio ekonomi. Sebagai sebuah organisasi perniagaan swasta, kecekapan pengurusan koperasi juga boleh dinilai berdasarkan aspek kewangan dan aspek bukan kewangan seperti nilai sosial, fungsi pengurusan dan hubungan antara anggota koperasi. Oleh itu, kajian ini menyimpulkan bahawa aspek nilai sosial dan ekonomi perlu diberi perhatian supaya penilaian yang dilakukan terhadap koperasi akan lebih menyeluruh.Kata Kunci: Kecekapan pengurusan, koperasi, model kecekapan, pengurusan organisasi, sosio-ekonomi

Analisis perubahan konsep kontrak dalam prosedur pelaksanaan produk Ar-Rahnu dan kesannya

Penawaran produk Ar-Rahnu berasaskan konsep tawarruq diperkenalkan bagi mengganti konsep qard yang diputuskan tidak patuh syarak oleh Majlis Penasihat Syariah Bank Negara Malaysia kerana ada isu qard jarra naf'an dan bai' wa salaf pada amalan caj upah simpanan. Sejauhmana perubahan ini berlaku dan apakah kesan kepada prosedur pelaksanaan produk? Kajian akan menganalisis perubahan konsep kontrak terhadap prosedur pelaksanaan produk Ar-Rahnu dan seterusnya mengkaji kesan perubahan tersebut. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis kandungan dan temu bual separa struktur. Analisis dibuat berdasarkan empat elemen dalam prosedur pelaksanaan produk iaitu elemen ujian ketulenan dan jenis, elemen kontrak perjanjian, elemen notis peringatan dan elemen perundangan dan takaful. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa perubahan konsep kontrak dalam produk Ar-Rahnu sememangnya memberi perubahan yang ketara pada elemen kontrak perjanjian kerana berlaku urusniaga jualan komoditi dalam transaksi Ar-Rahnu dan berlaku pertambahan terhadap pihak yang berkontrak. Seterusnya, tiada perubahan yang berlaku pada elemen ujian ketulenan dan jenis serta perundangan dan takaful. Selanjutnya, terdapat perubahan pada elemen notis peringatan dari aspek kaedah tebusan di Ar-Rahnu AgroBank sahaja kerana barang yang ingin ditebus akan dinilai semula mengikut harga emas semasa. Perubahan tersebut telah memberi kesan terhadap prosedur pelaksanaan produk dari aspek prosedur pelaksanaan bertambah kerana berlaku transaksi urusniaga jualan komoditi, berlaku penambahan dokumen perjanjian kepada 2 iaitu kontrak murabahah dan wakalah, jumlah bayaran upah simpan berubah selepas enam bulan berikutnya, pihak yang berkontrak bertambah kerana adanya pihak ketiga dan tempoh menunggu menjadi lama jika terdapat masalah gangguan teknikal dengan sistem bursa. Akhir sekali, kajian mendapati bahawa perubahan konsep kontrak telah memberi kesan yang positif dari sudut konsep syariah dan struktur produk kerana terdapat urusniaga jualan komoditi dan transaksi dapat dilaksanakan tanpa ada unsur gharar

[Syariah Issues in The Implementation of E-Commerce] Isu-Isu Syariah dalam Pelaksanaan E-Dagang

Several Shariah issues arose as a result of the implementation of e-commerce which prompted contemporary jurists to seek ijtihad to unravel those issues. Among the Shariah issues identified are what form of contract occurs ?, what is the status of the goods sold? and the extent of eligibility of the contracting party ?. The objective of this study is to identify the form of contract that occurs, the existence of goods for sale and the qualifications of the contracting parties in e-commerce transactions. The methodology of this study involves the collection of information from books, magazines, newspapers and websites and based on the experience and observations of researchers who conduct e-commerce transactions with the company Mphonline, a company that conducts online book sales in Malaysia. This study found that e-commerce conceptually is in line with Islamic transactions in terms of the form of contract that occurs, the status of goods for sale and the qualifications of the party doing the contract as discussed by the previous jurists. Beberapa isu Syariah muncul ekoran daripada pelaksanaan e-dagang yang mendorong para ahli fiqh kontemporari berusaha melakukan ijtihad bagi merungkai isu-isu tersebut. Antara isu-isu Syariah yang dikenalpasti adalah apakah bentuk kontrak yang berlaku ?, bagaimana status barang jualan ? dan sejauh mana kelayakan pihak yang melakukan kontrak ?. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengenalpasti bentuk kontrak yang berlaku, kewujudan barang jualan dan kelayakan pihak yang berkontrak dalam transaksi e-dagang. Metodologi kajian ini melibatkan pengumpulan maklumat daripada buku-buku, majalah-majalah, surat khabar dan laman-laman web dan berdasarkan pengalaman dan pemerhatian pengkaji yang melakukan transaksi e-dagang dengan syarikat Mphonline iaitu sebuah syarikat yang menjalankan penjualan buku secara atas talian di Malaysia. Kajian ini mendapati e-dagang secara konsepnya adalah selaras dengan muamalah Islam dari segi bentuk kontrak yang berlaku, status barang jualan dan kelayakan pihak yang melakukan kontrak sebagaimana yang dibincangkan oleh ahli-ahli fiqh terdahulu. &nbsp; &nbsp

Chronic tibial osteomyelitis in children. A case review at Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan

Osteomyelitis in children has various clinical manifestations causing diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties. Inappropriate treatment of acute osteomyelitis may lead to chronic, serious and complicated condition. Chronic osteomyelitis continues to be a major cause of morbidity and disability in children living in developing countries. We present three cases of tibial osteomyelitis that have different presentations and sequalae. Our intention is to alert our colleagues, particularly primary physicians, regarding the variety of presentation and the important of early diagnosis and treatment to reduce the risk of morbidity following osteomyelitis

Osteopaste - a pre-clinical in vivo histological evaluation: future application

Auto graft plays a vital role in promoting fusion in spinal surgery. Bone substitutes such as calcium sulphate, calcium phosphate or hydroxyapatite (HA) have osteoconductive properties, which enhance the fusion process. Osteopaste is a Malaysian-made bone substitute derived from a combination of tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) and tri-calcium phosphate that has been designed in order to conduct a pre-clinical in vivo histological evaluation. The process was compared with the other available commercial bone substitute products. We discuss the histological results and future application of our local bone substitute product in fusion /spinal surgery